INDEPENDENT POLICY & RESEARCHConceptual framework Edition 0.16.4
Present-day scenarios

Shared interests.
Independent decisions.

The United States, China, and Russia could each have reasons to make civilian trade and fuel information more reliable. The practical question is where a limited, lawful process could help every participant while preserving its freedom to decide.

Hypothetical exercises · Context reviewed 9 November 2026 · No actual government participation asserted
Three national perspectives

What is the gain for each side?

United States

EIA’s diesel account distinguishes national production, imports, and consumption. National totals do not establish that suitable fuel is available at a particular destination. EIA · 2025 annual data; rolling explainer reviewed 9 November 2026

Trade

Importers and exporters could distinguish an accepted consignment from a pending document, improving inventory and customer planning.

Oil

Civilian analysts and permitted buyers could reconcile conflicting public supply reports and distinguish a market-wide concern from a verified change relevant to their own planning.

Diesel

Freight, agriculture, and essential-service planners could distinguish usable diesel from an unconfirmed offer, reducing avoidable dispatches and planning revisions.

Read the country briefing

China

EIA’s May 2025 country brief describes China as a major crude importer, with substantial seaborne supply and a trading relationship with Russia. Its historical data are not a live inventory. EIA · 19 May 2025; principally historical 2024 trade context

Trade

Manufacturers and civilian trading firms could reconcile document changes earlier and avoid avoidable production or delivery adjustments.

Oil

Permitted buyers could check whether an approved supply description matches their stated requirements and compare revisions before committing to an assumption.

Diesel

Approved suppliers and buyers could clarify finished-product requirements earlier, reducing rejected documentation or unsuitable offers while retaining domestic allocation decisions.

Read the country briefing

Russia

EIA’s July 2025 brief describes a substantial energy-export sector and a shift toward Asian markets. That commercial context does not establish permission or available capacity for a new transaction. EIA · 24 July 2025; principally 2023–2024 data

Trade

Eligible civilian businesses could clarify permitted documentary requirements and receiving conditions, reducing rework without assuming access to a restricted service or market.

Oil

Permitted sellers and civilian planners could obtain a clearer record of accepted requirements and unresolved questions, reducing avoidable documentary disputes without assuming finance or export permission.

Diesel

Eligible civilian participants could distinguish permitted commitments from expressions of interest, improve the record of accepted supply, and identify local civilian needs without assuming new market access.

Read the country briefing

Why could all three choose to participate?

The proposed shared gain is a more dependable civilian decision record: clearer definitions, fewer duplicated commitments, visible uncertainty, and a recognized way to challenge a claim. That can benefit buyers, suppliers, domestic service users, and public authorities in different ways.

Participation need not mean a single trading bloc or a transaction between every pair of countries. The U.S. could examine a public civilian supply claim while China and Russia separately assess a permitted commercial question. Each shared task would require its own purpose and authority.

Mutual benefit must be demonstrated for each participant. A faster briefing for one government is insufficient if it imposes an unacceptable disclosure burden, shifts shortages to another community, or makes another participant dependent on the channel.

How could this reduce escalation?

  1. Clarify the event. Establish the difference between an observed civilian disruption and a disputed explanation of its cause.
  2. Keep a route to correction. An authorized counterpart can question a report and receive a traceable answer without accepting another government’s wider position.
  3. Make civilian interests concrete. Document usable deliveries, essential-service needs, costs, and unresolved burdens.
  4. Preserve voluntary participation. Each side retains local decisions and a tested ability to continue when sharing stops.

These steps could reduce particular sources of misunderstanding and support a limited civilian relationship. They cannot compel truthful cooperation, resolve wars or territorial disputes, guarantee safe passage, or establish that war becomes less likely.

Why treat crude oil and diesel separately?

Crude supply passes through processing before it can become a finished fuel. A diesel requirement also depends on product suitability, receiving arrangements, and actual delivery capacity. The studio therefore keeps the commodity, usable supply, and delivery capacity explicit.

An approved crude commitment is not counted as a diesel delivery. National production figures cannot establish whether a local civilian need can be met. The optional quantity check uses only the user’s stated, like-for-like inputs.

EIA · Undated explainer; reviewed 9 November 2026

What must be resolved before participation?

A civilian purpose does not itself authorize a transaction, service, payment, or information exchange. Competent institutions would need to review the activity, participants, goods, services, jurisdiction, and date. The studio’s authority setting is an exercise assumption, not a legal determination.

Rules change. OFAC issued a limited Russian-diesel license on 9 October 2026, with conditions and an expiry. The original 2022 U.S. import legislation and other applicable authorities also require attention. Neither an old prohibition nor one license should be treated here as a complete, current answer about a particular activity.

U.S. Treasury / OFAC · 9 October 2026 · U.S. Congress · 8 April 2022; original enacted text · Council of the European Union · Rolling overview reviewed 9 November 2026

If a transaction-dependent activity is prohibited, the scenario stops that activity. A separate information-only exercise would still require its own lawful mandate. MAR offers no route around a restriction.

What would a serious comparison measure?

Use the same approved information, physical resources, and release times for existing exercise practice, a structured non-AI process, and MAR. Measure accepted corrections, document errors, usable civilian support, review effort, disclosure incidents, and each country’s assessment of benefit and burden.

AI could assist reviewed translation, document comparison, and identification of inconsistent assumptions. Any extra value would need to exceed model errors, automation bias, and the cost of checking output. A better form, staffed contact point, or shared public dashboard may perform better.

Compare the three approaches
Detailed scenario library

Twelve ways to examine the proposal.